Target Information
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric 70 kD (p70) cytokine composed of two covalently linked, glycosylated chains, 40kD (p40) and 35-kD (p35). Following protein synthesis, an active heterodimer (p70) and a homoodimer of p40 are formed. IL-12 is mainly produced by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in response to bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), to intracellular pathogens or upon interaction with activated T cells. IL-12 was originally discovered because of its ability to induce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production, cell proliferation, and cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells and T cells. It is now established that IL-12 also plays a key role in the development of Th1 responses, leading to IFN-γ and IL-2 production. These cytokines can in turn promote T-cell responses and macrophage activation.
Synonyms
CLMF; CLMF p35; CLMF p40; CLMF2; cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35; cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 35 kDa subunit; Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 40 kDa subunit; IL12 p40; IL-12 subunit p35; IL-12 subunit p40; IL-12, subunit p35; IL12, subunit p40; Il12a; Il-12a; Il12b; IL-12B; IL-12p35; Il12p40; Il-12p40; IL35 subunit; ILN; IMD28; IMD29; Interleukin; interleukin 12, p35; interleukin 12, p40; interleukin 12a; interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35); interleukin 12b; interleukin 12B (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40); interleukin-12 alpha chain; interleukin-12 beta chain; interleukin-12 subunit alpha; Interleukin-12 subunit beta; Ll12a; natural killer cell stimulatory factor, 40 kD subunit; NF cell stimulatory factor chain 1; NFSK; NK cell stimulatory factor chain 1; NK cell stimulatory factor chain 2; NKSF; NKSF1; NKSF2; p35; p40